This Advent, as we approach the Year of Jubilee as pilgrims of Hope, we might consider making the period a fast of joy.
We would do this not merely as a penitential act for the expiation of our past sins, but to express our hopeful hunger for a better reality, for a deeper communion with God. Is it no wonder that we have an hour of fasting before receiving communion at Mass? This is the same spirit of self-emptying in preparation of receiving a great gift.
Many of us may not see God’s abundance of goodness at his table of plenty. Our images of God may be distorted and even unhealthy. We may think of God as a harsh policeman or a whimsical tyrant. We may expect God to grant us what we want how we want it simply because we have delivered a set number of prayers and sacrifices. Fasting may be the pathway towards an emptying of these ideas, a way to allow the Holy Spirit to infuse our minds with who God is and guide us to live as his love drives us.
Consider this too, Advent is a time of joyful expectant waiting, but in a world where we demand immediacy and efficiency, we are often frustrated and angry when we have to wait.
Can we learn to simply wait? To allow this waiting time to be grounding time, a time of deeper grounding into the reason for our waiting. To sanctify and beautify the process and the journey.
Can we honour the people we encounter along the way, rather than attribute blame and mistakes to them?
Perhaps this Advent, we can put more effort into catching ourselves before we fall into frustration, into pausing before reacting in anger or hurt, into learning to respond in a healthy and responsible fashion. This is a kind of fasting that is holistic and harmonious with our Christian living.
May we allow the spirit of St Francis of Assisi to inspire our Advent journey, fasting from food and frustration to bring more peace, more joy, and more creative freedom into our world.
Early in 2024, I made the decision to apply for my Solemn Profession, and a date was set. However, our ways are not God’s ways, and the original date was changed to 17 September, the Feast of the Stigmata of St Francis of Assisi. This year is the 800th anniversary of the event, and I believe this change of date was God’s intention, that the Holy Spirit guided the council members towards the decision. What made it even more special was that Pope Francis visited Singapore five days earlier.
I began postulancy in 2017 and looking back, I realise that the Franciscan way of being an itinerant has been very real. Each year, I moved to a different Franciscan community in Malaysia, Singapore, the Philippines, Indonesia and East-Timor, often not knowing the actual destination and simply trusting in God’s guidance. I believe this captures the real meaning of the word “itinerant” from the Latin “iter”, which means “way” or “journey”. Through my encounters with the Lord in everyone and everything along the way, my life has been gradually transformed.
God has never given up on me, even though my prayers often sound like complaints: “Lord, help me! O Lord, why? Lord, what should I do next? Lord, I’m not sure. Should I stop here?”. He continues to guide me to this way of life and especially to the Franciscan mission.
For me, the Stigmata of St Francis occurred because of his deep connection with Christ. It symbolises a union and confirmation of a relationship between a human being and Christ Jesus, sharing in his suffering and love. It is not just about physical marks but also about experiencing the reality of his wounds. As St Bonaventure saw it, Francis became “another Christ” not only because of the stigmata but because of how he related to others and all creation. He became a person of mercy, reconciliation, and peace, allowing himself to be completely embraced by the compassionate love of the crucified Christ. For the sake of love, he held nothing back and gave everything to the One he loved (Ilia Delio, Franciscan Prayer).
Professing my vows confirms my response to God’s love and my desire to give my life fully to him in the Order of Friars Minor. My Solemn Profession is not just a public declaration of my commitment to live the evangelical vows of obedience, with nothing of my own, and chastity. These vows guide and remind me that my journey is about faithfully living out the Rule of the Friars Minor, following the poor and crucified Christ, and recognising God in my fraternity, in the people of God, and in God’s creation.
In October, a group of Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation (JPIC) animators gathered in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah to discuss the shape and function of the new Franciscan Network for Peace and Integral Ecology in Asia, and how it can respond to JPIC issues in the region.
The network is the result of a resolution at the Franciscan Conference of Asia and Oceania (FCAO) meeting in April 2024. The FCAO comprises the East Asia Conference (EAC) and the South Asia, Australia, and Oceania Conference (SAAOC).
As JPIC Animator of the Custody of Saint Anthony (Malaysia-Singapore-Brunei), I hosted the meeting, held from 17-23 October 2024, with Sr Marina Anjuman OFS, National Minister of the Secular Franciscans (OFS) in Malaysia.
At the meeting were representatives from the two conferences as well as the Secular Franciscans, the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, Franciscans International, the General Office for JPIC, and the General Secretariat for Mission and Evangelisation.
In addition, Minister General Friar Massimo Fusarelli OFM and Definitor General for Asia and Oceania Friar John Wong OFM called in to address us. They emphasised the importance of coordinating JPIC and Mission and Evangelisation efforts, and expressed their hope that the new network would become a platform for our collective contribution towards building a better world.
A wide range of topics of importance to Asia were discussed – migration (human trafficking, refugees, and asylum seekers), extractive industries (mining, tourism, which threaten the living space of small communities), climate change and the threat to indigenous peoples, and the violation of human rights experienced by indigenous peoples.
Friar Gregorio Lino Redoblado OFM, President of the EAC, also called in to the meeting. He emphasised the importance of coordinating efforts as a united Franciscan family to work toward justice, peace, and integral ecology. He urged that we not remain a “sleeping giant” but respond actively to the challenges and needs in Asia. By working together, we will become a stronger force for good.
Friar Derrick Yap OFM, President of the SAAOC, too stressed the need to work as one family, with a common vision and goal. He asked us to reflect on whether we see ourselves as masters or stewards of this world. JPIC should never be placed on the back burner, he said, encouraging us to spread the messages of the key documents, especially at the local level, for greater effectiveness. Friar Derrick also pointed out that a contemplative dimension must be central to our approach, urging us to reject greed.
The programme included a visit, led by Sr Calista FSIC, to the villagers of Bolotikon, Papar to learn about their Forest Conservation project for water catchment, as well as activities to learn about the culture and traditions of the ethnic communities in Sabah.
The group also learned about the Franciscan family in Sabah. We made a courtesy visit to the Mother General of the Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception, and met with the sisters, and with members of the Secular Franciscans.
At the conclusion of the meeting, everyone agreed that the network would promote new initiatives in seeking peace with others and all creation; build collaboration amongst Franciscan brothers and sisters (religious and lay) especially regarding peace building, nonviolence, and care for mother earth; and seek opportunities for dialogue with other beliefs and cultures, in the spirit of Assisi.
Did you know that St Francis of Assisi prescribed fasting from the Feast of All Saints until Christmas, which means about the time of Advent? This prescription was included in both the Earlier Rule of 1221 (a more scriptural and biblical version of Francis’ Rule of Life that was not approved by the Pope) and the Later Rule of 1223 (a legal and canonical version that was approved by Pope Honorius III on 29 Nov).
Let me cite here the two passages, which come from the heart of St Francis, and see what we can take to heart for our spiritual journeying.
Earlier Rule III:11-13 “Let all the brothers fast from the feast of All Saints until the Nativity, and from the Epiphany, when our Lord Jesus Christ began to fast, until Easter. However, at other times, according to this life, let them not be bound to fast except on Fridays. In accordance with the Gospel, it may be lawful for them to eat of all the food that is placed before them.”
Later Rule III:5-14 “Let them fast from the feast of All Saints until the Lord’s Nativity. May those be blessed by the Lord who fast voluntarily during that holy Lent that begins at the Epiphany and lasts during the forty days which our Lord consecrated by His own fast; but those who do not wish to keep it will not be obliged. Let them fast, however, during the other [Lent] until the Lord’s Resurrection. At other times they may not be bound to fast except on Fridays. During a time of obvious need, however, the brothers may not be bound by corporal fast.
I counsel, admonish and exhort my brothers in the Lord Jesus Christ not to quarrel or argue or judge others when they go about in the world, but let them be meek, peaceful, modest, gentle, and humble, speaking courteously to everyone, as is becoming… According to the holy Gospel, let them eat whatever food is set before them.”
As we can see, for Francis, fasting was an obligatory practice for both the season of Lent and the season of Advent. However, this was the practice of the Church at that time, as was fasting on Fridays. The optional (“not obliged”) fast was the fast beginning on Epiphany (6 Jan).
For Francis, there were two kinds of fasts: the fast of sorrow and the fast of joy. A fast of sorrow is when food that is delightful for us is sacrificed as an act of penance for sins committed. A fast of joy is when the heart is flooded with such spiritual delights that time at table is punishment and because of this, tendency to sin is diminished. For this reason, it is wonderful to fast because, by this wondrous act of devotion, fasting restores the spirit.
To put it simply, the fast of sorrow deals with our sins that must be expiated, while the fast of joy deals with strengthening ourselves to avoid future sins. It is like training and disciplining the will to choose the good and avoid the bad.
For Francis, fasting was more than bodily fasting. He wanted his friars to fast outwardly and inwardly. Through bodily fasting, we are invited to be kinder and more loving. In the Later Rule, immediately following the prescript on bodily fasting, Francis exhorts the friars not to quarrel or argue, to be meek and gentle and speak courteously. This is indeed an integrated and harmonious approach to fasting and the gradual growth to a life teeming with virtues.
Included in this fasting for his friars was eating what was set before them. Friars are mendicants, in other words, friars are beggars, and beggars can’t be choosers. So, we eat what is given to us.
St Francis only imposed the fasting periods that were enforced by the Church, that is, during the periods of Lent and Advent. But he proposed one more as optional and devotional from the period of Epiphany, which is in the spirit of the fast of joy. The rest of the year is time for friars to be with people, working and, when work does not provide enough, begging for their daily needs.
So, when the friars are not fasting from food, they are fasting from “unkind” behaviour as friars are to be meek and humble in the presence of all they serve, and bring about the Kingdom of Love as St Francis wanted his friars to do.
May Francis’ spirit of fasting, especially for the season of Advent, inspire us to consider the holistic manner of living out our spiritual lives, just as he did in joyful freedom!
It’s that special time again when we intentionally look over the year that has passed and see where our journeys, especially our spiritual journeys, have taken us. We ask ourselves, “Where has God been in my life, and where is he leading me to?”.
During Advent – a season of waiting with a purpose – we wait for the second coming, the ultimate return of all things back to God; and closer to the week of Christmas, we turn our focus to the first coming of Christ at Bethlehem. Christ reminds us that we are not alone on our journeys; just think of his incarnation at Christmas, and the repeated coming again in the flesh at every Eucharist.
I look back on the year and give thanks to God for the blessings, graces and opportunities for growth, and the times of struggle that opened windows for a greater realisation of self.
One of the greatest joys for me was the meeting of Guardians (community superiors) in September. We have been meeting quarterly online for two years, but our in-person meetings deepen our relationships and train Guardians for their role as animators of our fraternities.
“Animation” is a tricky word, especially when used in the context of a fraternity. To animate is to give life and if we want to be true to its root meaning (anima = soul), then it is to give soul to the brotherhood. That’s the labour of love of the Guardian for each community, and likewise, of the Custos for the brotherhood of seven communities in Malaysia and Singapore. Encouraged deeply by the dedication of other provinces to the training of Guardians, I have tried to implement formation and training of our Guardians for their primary spiritual call to care for souls – particularly the “soul” of the fraternity. We spent three full days in Kuching, Sarawak working on this, and we also had training in finance and accountability.
In October, I was with our Asian animators for JPIC (Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation) for a meeting in Sabah to consolidate our current efforts, collaborate with one another and the wider Franciscan Family, and create new initiatives to address real needs on the ground. The focus was on two areas – peace and integral ecology. You can read about this meeting in the News section. The presence of a Franciscan sister, a Secular Franciscan and an Anglican Third Order Franciscan shows the inclusivity and fraternal collaboration among us who follow the spirit of St Francis of Assisi.
I am also grateful for the experience of promoting our Franciscan Calendar 2025, featuring artwork by Friar Robin Toha, and accompanying merchandise. Many thanks to our collaborators and the four parishes we worked with, and to those of you who bought our calendar and merchandise.
In November, Friar Vernon Chua and I accompanied 32 pilgrims on a Franciscan Italy pilgrimage. I went from that to Rome for the meeting of Franciscan Conference Presidents at our OFM Curia (HQ), my first as the President of the South Asia, Australia and Oceania Conference (SAAOC). Upon my return to Singapore, I jumped straight into the Closing Residency Programme of the Asian Franciscan Formators Training (AFFT). These two weeks of in-person sessions included an experience of the process of Franciscan Formative Accompaniment with a Swiss friar-psychologist.
There is so much happening, and we friars are fortunate to have you journeying with us in prayer and generous contributions. We remain extremely grateful to you all, and we wish you and your loved ones a very fruitful Advent into Christmas and the New Year!
